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disciplina arcani
''Disciplina arcani'' (Latin for "Discipline of the Secret" or "Discipline of the Arcane") is the custom that prevailed in Early Christianity, whereby knowledge of the more intimate mysteries of the Christian religion was carefully kept from non-Christians and even from those who were undergoing instruction in the faith.〔(Disciplina arcani ) The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume V. Published 1909. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Nihil Obstat, May 1, 1909〕
==In the early stages of Christianity==
The idea of a ''disciplina arcani'', a law imposing silence upon Christians with respect to their rites and doctrines, has been well-studied in the past century.〔G.G. Stroumsa, ''Hidden Wisdom: Esoteric Traditions and the Roots of Christian Mysticism'' (Studies in the History of Religions), Paperback, 2005〕
Some state that a nucleus of oral teaching was inherited from Palestinian and Hellenistic Judaism and formed the basis of a secret oral tradition in the early stages of Christianity. This nucleus of oral teachings (which reflected older traditions and which can be shown to form the background of both Christian and Gnostic conceptions),〔Frommann, ''De Disciplina Arcani in vetere Ecclesia christiana obticuisse fertur'', Jena 1833〕 formed what came to be called ''disciplina arcani'' in the 4th century.〔G.G. Stroumsa, ''Hidden Wisdom: Esoteric Traditions and the Roots of Christian Mysticism'' (Studies in the History of Religions), Paperback, 2005〕〔E. Hatch, ''The Influence of Greek Ideas and Usages upon the Christian Church'', chap. x., London, 1890〕
It is characteristic of the ''disciplina'' that the subject of the silence was not the dogma and the sacramental gift, but the elements and the ritual performance.〔Schaff Philip, ''New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge'', Vol. I: Aachen – Basilians, 1819–1893〕 Origen, in ''Contra Celsum'', argues that it is the doctrine of the Christians, and not only their rites, which should be secret in character.〔Origen, ''Contra Celsum'', (1,1)〕 Even if the elements of ritual performance, such as ''missa fidelium'' and other Christian rites were under the ''disciplina arcani'' during the early stages of Christianity (especially during the 3rd–4th century), nobody at the present time can definitively state which other subjects comprised the ''disciplina''. Indeed, Origen, Clement of Alexandria, Tertullian, St. Basil, St. Ambrose of Milan and many other Church Fathers of early Christianity mention an "oral tradition," as in St. Basil's appeal to the "unwritten tradition" in ''de Spiritu Sancto'':
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